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From the Archives

  • Patching Architectural Concrete

    Even with the best of materials and construction methods, architectural concrete is likely to have imperfections and defects.

     
  • Removing Stains from Concrete

    It's rare for a concrete structure not to be stained by something: iron rust, oil, chewing gum, or just plain dirt, to name some common offenders. The good news is that these materials can be removed.

     
  • Paving with Roller Compacted Concrete

    Roller compacted concrete (RCC) as used for pavements is a dry portland cement concrete material which is consolidated by external vibration using heavy vibratory rollers or similar equipment.

     
  • Tremie Concrete

    All methods of placing concrete under water are designed to prevent cement washout and the consequent formation of weakly cemented sand and gravel pockets.

     

Other Articles

PROBLEM CLINIC

  • Expanded Metal Bulkheads

    Our company is building an 8-foot-thick mat foundation for a sewage treatment plant. We want to use expanded metal as a forming material at the vertical construction joints. Since the mat is heavily reinforced, there are many penetrating reinforcing bars.

     
  • Brooming

    Why don't we get grooves and ridges of reasonably uniform width and depth when we broom a slab for slip resistance?

     
  • Floor Flatness Specification Needed

    We've been searching for published standards for the tolerances allowed in finishing residential flatwork. Are there any you know of? Specifically, are there any standards for basement floor slabs that are intended for possible future living space? We hav

     
  • Trowel Chatter

    Why do we sometimes see a series of ridges along the radius lines in the sweeps of the trowel on a floor surface? It doesn't happen often, and I haven't been able to figure out what's different when it does.

     
  • Tool for Jointing

    How do I cut contraction joints across a wide slab of fresh concrete without using a bridge?

     
  • Internal Vibration of Flatwork

    We hear recommendations both for and against using internal vibrators in constructing floors and other flatwork. What's best?

     
  • Using Waterstops

    This detail shows a construction joint we are using on several underground structures.

     
  • Letters for Imprinting Concrete

    I want to make some concrete signs with recessed lettering and I need the name and address of a company that manufactures reversed letters for the purpose.

     
  • Standards for Concrete Pavement for Parking Lots

    This is my second year as a contractor doing residential and some commercial work, primarily walks, driveways and parking areas.

     
  • What to Do With a Rained-On Surface

    We were pouring a slab for an outside loading area and had a sudden heavy rain on the last day of a two-day pour.

     
  • Preventing Curling of Slabs

    Is there anything one can do, short of putting a slip joint between a slab and the masonry bearing wall that it rests on, to prevent breaking the bond to the mortar joint between them?

     
  • Safety With Bull Floats

    Recently we put in a floor very close to some power lines. When we realized that the handles of bull floats could easily come into contact with the power lines, we quickly slit some large rubber hose to slip over the handles and bound it in place with ele

     
  • Concern Over Cover After Sandblasting

    We are concerned with the maintenance of a cast-in-place school building built in our town in 1937--one of four local schools built by the Works Progress Administration (WPA). In its lifetime it has had several coats of paint. Finally it has become necess

     
  • Whiteness Not Required of Clear Curing Agent

    A customer reports that he got a nice white color when he applied our curing agent to a broomed-finish pavement the day after finishing. However, he complains that the same curing agent leaves the concrete looking dark when he applies it immediately after

     
  • Remove and Replace or Top With Unbonded Overlay?

    Our firm was hired to repair leaks in the concrete roof of a college building in North Carolina. The roof doesn't have many cracks, but most of the joints are leaking where PVC (polyvinyl chloride) waterstops placed in the joints have separated from the c

     
  • Don't Repair Outdoor Plastic Shrinkage Cracks

    We recently installed a concrete walk that was damp cured. We have noticed thin but deep cracks in a few spots. The contractor called them "heat cracks." Though they are not wider than one's fingernail I am concerned that they will worsen as the freeze-thaw season approaches.

     
  • No error in these published times for removing support

    I think there is a typographical error in "Recommended Practice for Concrete Formwork, ACI 347-78 (Reaffirmed 1984)."

     
  • Prepare For the Unpredictable

    Has anyone ever written up a list of things that a contractor can readily do to prepare for some of the problems that often come up unexpectedly?

     
  • Scaling Concrete

    I would like to know how contractors cope with concrete slabs poured in the summer and sealed with a sealer. I've used two different types of sealer but in both cases I got salt scaling the following spring where salt had been thrown around. I know it is

     
  • Concrete Sticking to Curb Forming Machine

    Concrete is sticking to the forms of our stringline curb forming machine and peeling off the newly formed curb as the machine moves on. Temperatures have been very warm, rising to about 90 to 95 degrees F in midafternoon. What causes this problem, and wha

     
  • Cleaning Sealant Off White Concrete

    We constructed some white flatwork with 3/4-inch redwood separators between panels. The top 3/4 inch above the redwood was caulked. This white concrete adjoins an area of pattern-stamped dark gray concrete, so we were asked to use a black caulking materia

     
  • Determining Moisture in Aggregate for Mix Proportioning

    Is there an accurate, quick and inexpensive way to determine the percent of water in aggregate?

     
  • Superplasticizer Trouble With Low-Sand Mix

    This picture shows a foamy area that showed up on a 35-foot column after the forms were stripped. On close inspection you can see exposed aggregate, both fine and coarse, in the defective area. In some places you can even see exposed rebar.

     
  • Use Good Jointing Practices

    Why does good concrete crack at random locations even though the sidewalk has been jointed?

     
  • Cracking of New Topping

    We contracted to remove and replace a cracked and broken topping in a 6 x 40-foot area of the second floor of a two-story concrete garage. The structural steel of this building, built about 50 years ago, is buried in the concrete. Although the owner thoug

     
  • Cracking in Floor Cast Over Plank

    Last December we cast the first and second floors of a building by placing concrete 2 1/2 inches thick over precast plank. Late in April the owner reported that extensive random cracking has appeared on the first floor and a small amount on the second flo