The third most-costly item for most cities is providing clean water per EPA standards. Local government expenditures to remain compliant have increased from $50 billion in 1995 to $103 billion in 2009 while the federal government kicks in only $2 billion annually for the state revolving loan program. The U.S. Conference of Mayors used the Clean Water Act's 40th anniversary to ask the agency for a more cost-efficient way to implement the act.